No Brics asset pile big enough to rival dollar: Brazil central bank director

20 May 2025 - 11:16
By Marcela Ayres
Foreign ministers pose for a family photo on the day of the Brics foreign ministers meeting in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. File photo.
Image: Pilar Olivares/Reuters Foreign ministers pose for a family photo on the day of the Brics foreign ministers meeting in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. File photo.

Brazil's central bank does not see any realistic prospect of emerging nations in the Brics group creating markets large enough to topple the US dollar's dominance in the next 10 years, monetary policy director Nilton David said on Monday.

There is not a meaningful stock of Brics-denominated assets that could offset the dollar now, David told a central bank webcast. “I don't think that will change over the coming decade.”

The director acknowledged alternative settlement tools could gain traction and help boost bilateral trade deals, but this was nowhere near enough to dislodge the dollar in any visible horizon.

The Brics acronym refers to the five major emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, which have been working together to address global issues. The group recently added six other members.

Reuters reported in February Brazil's presidency of Brics this year would shelve talk of a common currency, focusing instead on ways to trim dollar reliance, such as linking payment systems and exploring blockchain standards set by bodies such as the Bank for International Settlements.

US President Donald Trump has repeatedly cautioned the Brics group — whose original members were Brazil, Russia, India and China — against attempts to challenge the supremacy of the dollar.

Founded in 2009 and soon expanded to add South Africa, the group has recently included Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran and the UAE, making it a growing diplomatic counterweight to traditional Western powers.

David also said he views bitcoin as “a speculative currency by nature”, noting Brazil's $340bn (R6.3-trillion) foreign exchange reserves remain overwhelmingly in dollars because nearly all the country's external transactions are settled in the US currency.

According to the director, the central bank wants to preserve the liquidity and depth of its foreign exchange market but it acknowledges these features have side effects.

David noted the Brazilian real has a “natural” correlation with risk assets, making it more volatile.

It is often the pivot for portfolio managers, he said, adding this attracts investors who hold the currency only briefly, causing demand to swing sharply.

Reuters